In a Polish Town Where Locals Burned Jews Alive in 1941, New Plaques Deny Complicity With Nazis

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A man reads one of the plaques newly placed near a Polish monument to the wartime Jedwabne massacre of Jews by their Polish neighbors, July 10, 2025. The plaques question the official findings and claim that “the crime was committed by a German pacification unit” instead of local Poles. (Wojtek Radwanski/AFP via Getty Images)

When Jews gathered this week for the anniversary of a World War II massacre in the Polish town of Jedwabne, they saw a new installation — one that denied a historical consensus about the grievous events that unfolded there, JTA reported.

At the same time, a far-right lawmaker interrupted the memorial gathering — and triggered a police investigation by calling the gas chambers at Auschwitz “fake.”

July 10 marked 84 years since the crimes in Jedwabne, a town of less than 2,000 people northeast of Warsaw. In 1941, local residents killed hundreds of their Jewish neighbors, most of them in a barn where they were burned alive.

The story gained recognition through “Neighbors,” a 2000 book by historian Jan Tomasz Gross. It became a symbol of Polish collaboration in the Holocaust and prompted a presidential apology in 2001.

An official investigation by Poland’s Institute of National Remembrance confirmed in 2002 that the murder was carried out by Poles.

But Jedwabne has become a flashpoint in Polish politics, with some far-right politicians claiming it was Germans who perpetrated the massacre and characterizing research on Polish complicity as part of an effort to slander their nation.

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